林海谐缘

 找回密码
 审核注册
搜索
查看: 1725|回复: 1

利用VRRP功能实现简单的路由器备份

[复制链接]
发表于 2006-5-13 15:07:51 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  有时候为了保证我们网络的稳定性和可靠性,可能会申请两条出口链路,使用两个路由器。在其中的一个路由器无法正常工作时,由另外一个路由器来接管相应的工作。实现的原理是利用RFC2338中描述的VRRP(Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol)协议。实现的工具是keepalived。
  
  实验名称:利用VRRP功能实现简单的路由器备份
  操作系统:RedHat 7.3
  所使用的内核:linux-2.4.24
  实验用到的模块: keepalived-1.16.tar.gz(如果对VRRP和Keepalived不太了解,先看看这里)
  
  网络结构如下图所示:图中的V-Gate就是VRRP中的VIP。




网络中有两个Linux Router:
  
  (1), Master(eth0:192.168.1.10/24接外网; eth1:192.168.3.1/24接内网)
  
  (2), Backup(eth0:192.168.2.10/24接外网; eth1:192.168.3.2/24接内网)
  
  内网的IP地址段为192.168.3.0/24,网关(V-Gate)为192.168.3.3/24,记住192.168.3.3/24这个地址是在Keepalived启动时生效的。
  
  首先我们在Linux Router Master上安装keepalived-1.1.6.tar.gz
  
  (1),下载keepalived-1.1.6.tar.gz (http://www.keepalived.org)
  
  (2),解压缩:
  #tar zxvf keepalived-1.1.6.tar.gz
  
  (3)编译keepalived
  #cd keepalived-1.1.6
  #./configure –prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
  #make
  
  (4)安装keepalived
  #make install
  
  (5)配置Linux Router Master的VRRP,
  #vi /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
  内容如下:
  
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  
  vrrp_instance VI_1 {
  state MASTER
  interface eth1
  virtual_router_id 51
  priority 100
  advert_int 1
  authentication {
  auth_type PASS
  auth_pass 1111
  }
  virtual_ipaddress {
  192.168.3.3
  }
  }
  
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  
  在Linux Router Backup上安装keepalived的方法是相同的,不同的是配置文件/usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf,如下:
  
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  
  vrrp_instance VI_1 {
  state BACKUP
  interface eth1
  virtual_router_id 51
  priority 100
  advert_int 1
  authentication {
  auth_type PASS
  auth_pass 1111
  }
  virtual_ipaddress {
  192.168.3.3
  }
  }
  
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  
  在启动Master上的keepalived之前,我们先看一下Master上eth1的情况:
  --------------------------------------------------------------
  # ip add show eth1
  
  8: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
  link/ether 00:e0:4c:3a:d7:25 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
  inet 192.168.3.1/24 brd 192.168.3.255 scope global eth1
  inet6 fe80::2e0:4cff:fe3a:d725/64 scope link
  --------------------------------------------------------------
  我们看到只有一个IP地址:192.168.3.1/24,现在我们启动Master上的keepalived
  #/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived –D –f /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
  
  现在我们再看一下Master上eth1的情况:
  --------------------------------------------------------------
  # ip add show eth1
  8: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
  link/ether 00:e0:4c:3a:d7:25 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
  inet 192.168.3.1/24 brd 192.168.3.255 scope global eth1
  inet 192.168.3.3/32 scope global eth1
  inet6 fe80::2e0:4cff:fe3a:d725/64 scope link
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  我们看到有两个IP地址,其中一个就是V-Gate:192.168.3.3/32
  
  用同样的方法启动Backup上的keepalived
  #/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived –D –f /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
  
  这样,当Master失效时,Backup就会通过MultiCast地址:224.0.0.18这个组播地址,获得这个消息,并将192.168.3.3这个地址接管过来。
  
  总结,请你注意一下我们这个实验的题目“利用Keepalived的VRRP功能实现简单的路由器备份”,而不是路由备份。我们这个实验的目的,是让大家熟悉VRRP协议和如何利用Keepalived实现VRRP协议。
发表于 2008-10-19 14:27:35 | 显示全部楼层
少年四大名捕
林志颖
&#33714;&#33457;&#23453;&#37492;
&#22320;&#19979;&#22478;&#19982;&#21191;&#22763;
&#23433;&#22958;&middot;&#28023;&#29791;&#34183;
ipod
您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 审核注册

本版积分规则

QQ|手机版|小黑屋|林海谐缘论坛 ( 豫ICP备07015145号 ) |
拒绝任何人以任何形式在本论坛发表与中华人民共和国法律相抵触的言论 | 管理员:linker(QQ:80555546) 群:3067918

GMT+8, 2024-11-21 19:05 , Processed in 0.025912 second(s), 15 queries .

Powered by Discuz! X3.4

© 2001-2017 Comsenz Inc.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表